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Showing posts with label Science. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Science. Show all posts

Sunday, March 13, 2016

Scientists reverse aging in human cell lines and give theory of aging a new lease of life वैज्ञानिक इंसान को अमर बनाने के कोड तक पहुंचे , वृध्दावस्था से वापस युवावस्था तक पहुँचने के कोड खोजने तक पहंचे

Scientists reverse aging in human cell lines and give theory of aging a new lease of life

वैज्ञानिक इंसान को अमर बनाने के कोड तक पहुंचे , वृध्दावस्था से वापस युवावस्था तक पहुँचने के कोड खोजने तक पहंचे 

IS OUR DEATH CAUSED BY A CODE?

Biggest debates of biomedical world: Are we programmed to die?



Date:
May 26, 2015
Source:
University of Tsukuba
Summary:
Can the process of aging be delayed or even reversed? Research has shown that, in human cell lines at least, it can. They also found that the regulation of two genes involved with the production of glycine, the smallest and simplest amino acid, is partly responsible for some of the characteristics of aging.






Can the process of aging be delayed or even reversed? Research led by specially appointed Professor Jun-Ichi Hayashi from the University of Tsukuba in Japan has shown that, in human cell lines at least, it can. They also found that the regulation of two genes involved with the production of glycine, the smallest and simplest amino acid, is partly responsible for some of the characteristics of aging.






Professor Hayashi and his team made this exciting discovery while in the process of addressing some controversial issues surrounding a popular theory of aging.
This theory, the mitochondrial theory of aging, proposes that age-associated mitochondrial defects are controlled by the accumulation of mutations in the mitochondrial DNA. Abnormal mitochondrial function is one of the hallmarks of aging in many species, including humans. This is mostly due to the fact that the mitochondrion is the so-called powerhouse of the cell as it produces energy in a process called cellular respiration. Damage to the mitochondrial DNA results in changes or mutations in the DNA sequence. Accumulation of these changes is associated with a reduced lifespan and early onset of aging-related characteristics such as weight and hair loss, curvature of the spine and osteoporosis.
There is, however, a growing body of conflicting evidence that has raised doubts about the validity of this theory. The Tsukuba team in particular has performed some compelling research that has led them to propose that age-associated mitochondrial defects are not controlled by the accumulation of mutations in the mitochondrial DNA but by another form of genetic regulation. The research, published this month in the journal Nature's Scientific Reports,looked at the function of the mitochondria in human fibroblast cell lines derived from young people (ranging in age from a fetus to a 12 year old) and elderly people (ranging in age from 80-97 years old). The researchers compared the mitochondrial respiration and the amount of DNA damage in the mitochondria of the two groups, expecting respiration to be reduced and DNA damage to be increased in the cells from the elderly group. While the elderly group had reduced respiration, in accordance with the current theory, there was, however, no difference in the amount of DNA damage between the elderly and young groups of cells. This led the researchers to propose that another form of genetic regulation, epigenetic regulation, may be responsible for the age-associated effects seen in the mitochondria.
Epigenetic regulation refers to changes, such as the addition of chemical structures or proteins, which alter the physical structure of the DNA, resulting in genes turning on or off. Unlike mutations, these changes do not affect the DNA sequence itself. If this theory is correct, then genetically reprogramming the cells to an embryonic stem cell-like state would remove any epigenetic changes associated with the mitochondrial DNA. In order to test this theory, the researchers reprogrammed human fibroblast cell lines derived from young and elderly people to an embryonic stem cell-like state. These cells were then turned back into fibroblasts and their mitochondrial respiratory function examined. Incredibly, the age-associated defects had been reversed -- all of the fibroblasts had respiration rates comparable to those of the fetal fibroblast cell line, irrespective of whether they were derived from young or elderly people. This indicates that the aging process in the mitochondrion is controlled by epigenetic regulation, not by mutations.
The researchers then looked for genes that might be controlled epigenetically resulting in these age-associated mitochondrial defects. Two genes that regulate glycine production in mitochondria, CGAT and SHMT2, were found. The researchers showed that by changing the regulation of these genes, they could induce defects or restore mitochondrial function in the fibroblast cell lines. In a compelling finding, the addition of glycine for 10 days to the culture medium of the 97 year old fibroblast cell line restored its respiratory function. This suggests that glycine treatment can reverse the age-associated respiration defects in the elderly human fibroblasts.
These findings reveal that, contrary to the mitochondrial theory of aging, epigenetic regulation controls age-associated respiration defects in human fibroblast cell lines. Can epigenetic regulation also control aging in humans? That theory remains to be tested, and if proven, could result in glycine supplements giving our older population a new lease of life.






DNA





Story Source:
The above post is reprinted from materials provided by University of TsukubaNote: Materials may be edited for content and length.

Journal Reference:
  1. Osamu Hashizume, Sakiko Ohnishi, Takayuki Mito, Akinori Shimizu, Kaori Iashikawa, Kazuto Nakada, Manabu Soda, Hiroyuki Mano, Sumie Togayachi, Hiroyuki Miyoshi, Keisuke Okita, Jun-Ichi Hayashi.Epigenetic regulation of the nuclear-coded GCAT and SHMT2 genes confers human age-associated mitochondrial respiration defectsScientific Reports, 2015; 5: 10434 DOI: 10.1038/srep10434


Visit for Amazing ,Must Read Stories, Information, Funny Jokes
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संसार की अद्भुत बातों , अच्छी कहानियों प्रेरक प्रसंगों व् मजेदार जोक्स के लिए क्लिक करें...http://7joke.blogspot.com
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Saturday, July 11, 2015

भविष्य में यात्रायें कैप्सूल में बैठकर 1300 किमी प्रति घंटा के रफ़्तार से (Science - Discovery Special )

भविष्य में यात्रायें कैप्सूल में बैठकर 1300 किमी प्रति घंटा के रफ़्तार से (Science - Discovery Special )
 
 
 
 
 
 
 भविष्य में यात्रायें कैप्सूल में बैठकर 1300 किमी प्रति घंटा के रफ़्तार से हुआ करेंगी । कैप्सूल एक ट्यूब में दोड़ा करेंगे और उसमें कृत्रिम /आर्टिफिशियल दाब पैदा कर दिया जायेगा । कैप्सूल में मानव के मुताबिक वायु दाब व आरामदायक व्यवस्था की जाएगी । यह प्रॉजेक्ट अमरीका में एक उद्योग पति अहलबोर्न द्वारा स्टार्ट हो चुका , उनका कहना है की रेलवे इंडस्ट्री एक डायनासोर की तरह है , और भविष्य में तेज गति से यात्रा करने के लिए स्टील ट्यूब हुआ करेंगी , जिसके अंदर ट्रेन के डिब्बे की तरह कैप्सूल दौड़ा करेंगे । इसमें ऊर्जा बहुत काम लगेगी और सोलर ऊर्जा आधारित होगी
 #science #discovery 

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Saturday, May 23, 2015

INDIAN FOREST SERVICE EXAMINATION (IFS) , 2015

Union Public Service Commission (UPSC)
Dholpur House, Shahjahan road, New Delhi - 110069


INDIAN FOREST SERVICE EXAMINATION (IFS) , 2015


The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) will hold preliminary screening test for the Indian Forest Service (IFS) Examination 2015 for recruitment to the Indian Forest Service Officers commencing from 23/08/2015. The pattern of the Indian Forest Service Examination 2015 has been changed and candidates for IFS Examination 2015 needs to appear in the Indian Civil Service Examination (Preliminary) 2015 for the same. Therefore candidates needs to apply for Indian Civil Service Examination 2015 to appear in Indian Forest Service Examination 2015.
Eligibility:
  • Posts : 110 approx.
  • Age : Not less than 21 years and not more than 32 years as on 1st August 2015. The upper age is relaxable for SC/ST/OBC and certain other categories of candidates to the extent specified in the Notice.
  • Educational Qualification: Bachelor's degree of any recognised university with at least one of the subjects namely Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Botany, Chemistry, Geology, Mathematics, Physics, Statistics and Zoology or a Bachelor's degree in Agriculture, Forestry or in Engineering or an equivalent qualification.
  • Physical Standards: Candidates must be physically fit according to the Regulations given in notice.
  • Number of attempts: The maximum number of attempts permissible to different categories of aspirants, who are otherwise eligible, will be as (i) General Category - 6 attempts, (ii) OBC - 9 attempts (iii) SC/ST - No limit




Fee: Candidates applying (excepting Female/SC/ST/PH candidates who are exempted from payment of fee) for Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination are required to pay a fee of Rs.100/- either by depositing the money in any Branch of SBI by cash, or by using net banking facility of SBI, State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur/State Bank of Hyderabad/State Bank of Mysore/State Bank of Patiala/ State Bank of Travancore or by using Visa/ Master Credit/ Debit card.
How To Apply: All applications must apply Online from 23/05/2015 to 19/06/2015 only upto 11.59 PM. at http://upsconline.nic.in/mainmenu2.php
Details of the examination and instructions are available at UPSC Online website at Guidelines to the Candidates --> http://upsconline.nic.in/mainmenu2.php


 Candidates can obtain details of the examination and can get information about registration of their applications, venues of the examination and syllabus etc at the official website of the UPSC at following link - http://www.upsc.gov.in/exams/notifications/2015/IFS_2015/IFS_2015_eng.pdf

Important Links:
Click here for official notification
Click here to apply online
Click here for Official Website 


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Sunday, May 17, 2015

अब सड़क पर दौड़ेगी बिना ड्राइवर वाली गूगल कार... #GoogleCar

अब सड़क पर दौड़ेगी बिना ड्राइवर वाली गूगल कार... #GoogleCar

News Date : 17 May 2015
अब वह दिन दूर नहीं जब सभी लोग ड्राइव करने के साथ-साथ फोन पर बात ही नहीं बल्कि कॉफी पी सकेंगे, मेसेज कर सकेंगे और लैपटॉप पर काम भी कर सकेंगे।



गूगल ने शुक्रवार को घोषणा की कि जल्द ही उसकी सेल्फ ड्राइविंग कारों के कई प्रोटोटाइप संस्करण कैलिफोर्निया के माउंटेन व्यू में चलते नजर आएंगे। हालांकि इसे टेस्टिंग के तौर पर उतारा जा रहा है, लेकिन यह एक महत्वपूर्ण कदम है जिसके जरिए लोग सेल्फ ड्राइविंग कारों में सवारी कर सकेंगे। गूगल लंबे समय से सेल्फ ड्राइविंग टेक्नोलॉजी की टेस्टिंग कर रही है, जो सड़कों पर करीब 16 लाख किलोमीटर चल चुकी और उसमें हर हफ्ते लगातार 16 हजार किलोमीटर जुड़ते जा रहे हैं।






पार्किंग की रहेगी समस्या
मुश्किल यह पता लगाने में आएगी कि इन सब जानकारी के साथ करना क्या है। पार्किंग के लिए कार को ऐसी तकनीक की जरूरत होगी, जिसे पता हो कि वह ऐसी जगह ड्राइव कर रहा है जहां पैदल चलने वाले और साइकिल चलाने वाले भी हैं। इन कारों में पार्किंग एक बहुत बड़ा मुद्दा है। फोर्ड जैसी कंपनियां पहले से ही ऐसी कारें उतार चुकी हैं जो खुद पार्किंग कर लेती हैं। फ्रेंच कंपनी वालियो भी कई ऑटोमेकर्स के साथ खुद को पार्क करने वाली तकनीक पर काम कर रही है। ऐसी पार्किंग तकनीक जिसमें आप अपनी गाड़ी को गैराज में छोड़ देंगे और गाड़ी खुद पार्किंग ढूंढ़ेगी खुद को पार्क करेगी।
रडार व कैमरे काफी विकसित
सेल्फ ड्राइविंग कारों में अब हार्डवेयर से ज्यादा जरूरी सॉफ्टवेयर है। गूगल द्वारा इस्तेमाल किए जा रहे रडार, लेजर और कैमरे इतने विकसित हो गए हैं कि वह आसानी से सभी दिशाओं में सड़क की निगरानी कर सकते हैं, यहां तक कि वह भी जो आखें देख पाएं। पारंपरिक कंपनियां भी सेल्फ ड्राइविंग कार तकनीक पर जोर दे रही हैं। माना जा रहा है कि 2020 तक सेल्फ ड्राइविंग कारों का सपना पूरा हो जाएगा।




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