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29334 Junior High School Science Math Teacher Recruitment - PROF. IN OR OUT
ABHEE COURT EK RECENT ORDER MEIN BBA VAALE OUT HO GAYE HAIN,
ABHEE PROF VS NON PROF MEIN DEBATE CHALU HO GAYEE HAI.
AUR PROF. VAALON NE APNE PAKSH KE TARK MEIN NIMN ORDER PRASTUT KIYA HAI, JO KI HAMNE HEE BAHUT PEHLE BLOG PAR SHARE KIYAA THAA.
DEKHTE HAIN KYA HAI -
IS ORDER MEIN COURT NE SAAF KAHA HAI KI - NCTE NE SIRF MINIMUM QUALIFICATION KA JIKRA KIYA HAI, AUR SCIENCE / MATH TEACHER KE LIYE KISEE QUALIFICATION KA JIKRA NAHIN KIYA HAI.
AUR YE NCTE NE ISKE BAAD GOVT PAR CHODA HAI KI SCIENCE/MATH TEACHER KE LIYE KYA QUALIFICATION RAKHEE JAAYE.
AUR GOVT NE JO QUALIFICATION TAY KEE HAIN, VHE KAARAN DETE HUE SAHEE BATAYA HAI.
ANT MEIN PETITIONER KI YACHIKA KO IN KARANO SE FAIL KARAR DETE HUE YACHIKA KHARIJ KAR DEE.
HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT ALLAHABAD
Court No. - 1
Case :- WRIT - A No. - 53620 of 2013
Petitioner :- Jitendra Singh And 4 Ors.
Respondent :- State Of U.P.& 2 Ors.
Counsel for Petitioner :- Sadanand Mishra, Seemant Singh
Counsel for Respondent :- C.S.C., Santosh Kumar
Hon'ble Vikram Nath, J
Heard learned counsel for the petitioners, learned standing counsel for the State-respondents, S/Sri Santosh Kumar, learned counsel for the respondent nos.2 & 3 and Rizwan Akhtar, learned counsel for the respondent nos.4 & 5.
By means of this petition under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, the petitioners have prayed for quashing of the Government Orders dated 11.7.2013 and 23.8.2013 as being contrary to law and being in contravention to the notifications issued by the National Council for Teacher Education relating to the qualifications and selection of the Assistant Teachers for Junior High Schools (Classes VI to VIII). Further prayer made is to the effect that necessary directions may be issued to the respondents to treat the posts of the Assistant Teachers (Science) and Assistant Teachers (Mathematics) as one cadre and not separate cadre and only one selection process be adopted.
Annexure-1 is an advertisement issued by the District Basic Education Officer, Shahjahanpur dated 29.8.2013 inviting online applications for 288 posts of Assistant Teachers (Science) and 288 posts of Assistant Teachers (Mathematics) for the Junior High Schools in the district run by the Basic Education Board.
Annexure-2 is the bank challan of depositing the application fee for the post of the Assistant Teachers.
Annexure-3 to the petition is the certificate of the petitioner no.1 for having successfully pass the Teacher Eligibility Test (TET) - 2011 conducted by the High School and Intermediate Education Board, U.P., Allahabad.
Annexure-4 is the circular issued by the Member Secretary, National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE) dated 11.2.2011, laying down the guidelines for conducting the TET. Referring to the said annexure the learned counsel for the petitioners has referred to the details given with regard to Paper II for Classes VI to VIII Teachers, which is part of paragraph no.7 of the guidelines. The relevant extract of paragraph 7 of the guidelines relating to Paper II is reproduced below :
Paper II (for classes VI to VIII); No. of MCQs - 150;
Duration of examination : one-and-a-half hours
Structure and Content
(i)
Child Development & Pedagogy (compulsory)
30 MCQs
30 MCQs
(ii)
Language I (compulsory)
30 "
30 "
(iii)
Language II (compulsory)
30 "
30 "
(iv)
(a) For Mathematics and Science teachers : Mathematics and Science
(b) For Social studies teachers : Social Studies
(c) for any other teacher - either 4(a) or 4(b)
60 MCQs of 1 mark each
60 MCQs of 1 mark each
While designing and preparing the questions for Paper II, the examination body shall take the following factors into consideration :
The test items of Child Development and Pedagogy will focus on educational psychology of teaching and learning, relevant to the age group 11-14 years. They will focus on understanding the characteristics, needs and psychology of diverse learners, interaction with learners and the attributes and qualities of a good facilitator of learning.
The test items for Language I will focus on the proficiency related to the medium of instruction, as chosen from list of prescribed options in the application form.
The Language II will be a language other than Language I. The person may choose any one language from among the available options and as in the specified list in the application form and attempt questions in the one indicated by the candidate in the application form by him. The Test items in Language II will also focus on the elements of language, communication and comprehension abilities.
The test items in Mathematics and Science, and Social Studies will focus on the concepts, problem solving abilities and pedagogical understanding of these subjects. The test items of Mathematics and Science will be of 30 marks each. The test items shall be evenly distributed over different divisions of the syllabus of that subject as prescribed for classes VI-VIII by the appropriate government.
The questions in the tests for Paper II will be based on the topics of the prescribed syllabus of the State for classes VI-VIII but their difficulty standard as well as linkages could be upto the senior secondary stage.
Annexure-5 is the circular issued by the Department of Education, addressed to the Director of Education (Secondary) as also to the Secretary, Intermediate Education Board dated 7.9.2011, laying down the guidelines for conducting the TET Examination. The said guidelines are in conformity to the guidelines issued by the NCTE, referred to above.
Annexure-6 is the notification issued by the NCTE dated 23.8.2010 laying down the minimum qualifications for a person to be eligible for appointment as a Teacher of Classes I to VIII. The notification contains minimum qualifications for Teachers from Classes I to V and from Classes VI to VIII separately. The relevant extract of the minimum qualifications with regard to Teachers of Classes VI to VIII is reproduced below:
Class VI - VIII
(a) B.A./B.Sc. and 2 - year Diploma in Elementary Education (by whatever name known)
OR
B.A./B.Sc. with at least 50% marks and 1 - year Bachelor in Education (B .Ed.)
OR
B.A./B.Sc. with at least 45% marks and 1 - year Bachelor in Education (B.Ed.), in accordance with the NCTE (Recognition Norms and Procedure) Regulations issued from time to time in this regard
OR
Senior Secondary (or its equivalent) with at least 50% marks and 4-year Bachelor in Elementary Education (B.El.Ed.)
OR
Senior Secondary (or its equivalent) with at least 50% marks and 4-year B.A./B.Sc.Ed. or B.A. Ed//B.Sc.Ed.
OR
B.A./B.Sc. with at least 50% marks and 1-year B.Ed. (Special Education)
AND
(b) Pass in the Teacher Eligibility Test (TET), to be conducted by the appropriate Government in accordance with the Guidelines framed by the NCTE for the purpose.
Annexure-7 is a notification issued by the NCTE on 29.7.2011 whereby certain amendments were made in the notification dated 23.8.2010 laying down the minimum qualifications for the Teachers for Classes I to V and VI to VIII. The amendment made with regard to Classes VI to VIII is reproduced below :
1 (ii) Class VI - VIII
(a) Graduation and 2-year Diploma in Elementary Education (by whatever name known)
OR
Graduation with at least 50% marks and 1-year Bachelor in Education (B.Ed.)
OR
Graduation with at least 45% marks and 1-year Bachelor in Education (B.Ed.), in accordance with the NCTE (Recognition Norms and Procedure) Regulations issued from time to time in this regard.
OR
Senior Secondary (or its equivalent) with at least 50% marks and 4-year Bachelor in Elementary Education (B.El.Ed.)
OR
Senior Secondary (or its equivalent) with at least 50% marks and 4-year B.A./B.Sc.Ed. or B.A. Ed./B.Sc.Ed.
OR
Graduation with at least 50% marks and 1-year B.Ed. (Special Education)
AND
(b) Pass in Teacher Eligibility Test (TET), to be conducted by the appropriate Government in accordance with the Guidelines framed by the NCTE for the purpose.
From a perusal of the notification dated 23.8.2010 and the notification dated 29.7.2011 what is to be noticed is that the word B.A./B.Sc. has been substituted by word Graduation.
Annexure-8 is the Government Order dated 11.7.2013 whereby the Government has laid down the procedure to be followed for filling up 50% posts of the Assistant Teachers in Mathematics and Science for the Junior High Schools being run by the Basic Education Board. The said Government Order provides that Basic Education Board on its request had sought permission to fill up 14667 Assistant Teachers in Science and 14667 Assistant Teachers in Mathematics, that is a total number of 29334 vacant posts. The said Government Order also laid down that the qualifications required would be B.Sc. by a University established by law in India and two years B.T.C., Special B.T.C. or a B.Ed. Course from an Institution recognised by the NCTE or B.Ed. (Special Education) recognized by the Indian Rehabilitation Council (IRC) and further a TET meant for Classes VI to VIII conducted by the Government of Uttar Pradesh or Central Government.
Annexure-9 is the Government Order dated 23.8.2013 which is in continuation to the Government Order dated 11.7.2013, referred to above, which clarifies that the applicants for the post of Assistant Teachers (Science/Mathematics) for Junior High Schools would be eligible only if they have obtained a Degree of Graduation from any University established by law or any other degree declared to be equivalent by the Government in which, as the case may be, Science/Mathematics is one of the subjects along with other training course and a certificate qualifying the TET.
Annexure-10 is again a direction issued by the Secretary, U.P. Basic Education Board dated 27.8.2013 whereby it has been provided that for applying to the post of Assistant Teacher in Science/Mathematics for the Junior High Schools, candidates who have obtained Degree in B.Sc. (Agriculture), B.Sc. (Home Science), B.A.M.S., B.H.M.S. and B.U.M.S. would be eligible to apply in the Science Stream only. It further provides that the candidates having B.Tech. Degree can apply for both streams i.e. Science and Mathematics. Further it mentions that the candidates having B.C.A. Degree, who had Science subjects in the Intermediate Course, can apply both for Science and Mathematics.
Annexure-11 is a judgment of the Full Bench of this Court dated 31.5.2013 given in a bunch of writ petitions led by Civil Misc. Writ Petition No.12908 of 2013, Shiv Kumar Sharma vs. State of U.P. and others, which was dealing with the question as to whether TET was an essential qualification for all appointments to be made after the notification issued by the NCTE on 23.8.2010 and other related questions. The said judgment at present is not of much relevance for deciding the controversy raised in the instant writ petition.
Learned counsel for the petitioners has made the following submissions :
The State Government while issuing the Government Orders dated 11.7.2013 and 23.8.2013 has not strictly followed the minimum qualifications laid down by the NCTE.As the NCTE Guidelines/Notifications did not provide for selection of the Assistant Teachers (Science) and Assistant Teachers (Mathematics) separately, the qualifications laid down by the State Government in the impugned Government Orders were contrary to the NCTE Notifications/Guidelines for minimum qualifications.The NCTE Guidelines only provided that 60 MCQs for Mathematics and Science would form part of question papers but the State Government by the impugned orders has fixed that there would be 30 questions of Mathematics and 30 questions of Science subjects.
The earmarking of posts for Assistant Teachers (Science) and Assistant Teachers (Mathematics) separately is also not contemplated in the notifications issued by the NCTE.
The candidates, who had Science and Mathematics subjects in their Graduation Course, are at an advantage as they can apply for the posts of the Assistant Teachers (Science) and Assistant Teachers (Mathematics) but so far as the candidates, who are graduate in Science but without Mathematics, they can apply only for the post of Assistant Teachers (Science) only. This argument is apparently based on the notification issued by the NCTE where Science and Mathematics subjects have not been specifically separated.
The first argument advanced on behalf of the petitioner is to the effect that the minimum qualifications laid down by the NCTE for selection / appointment of Assistant Teachers in Science / Mathematics stream for the Junior High Schools have not been strictly followed by the State Government while issuing the Government Orders dated 11.7.2013 and 23.8.2013.
From a perusal of the two notifications issued by the NCTE on 23.8.2010 and 29.7.2011, the minimum qualifications which emerge are a Graduation Course, a Degree / Diploma in Education whether one year or two years, as the case may be and a pass in the TET. In the Government Orders dated 11.7.2013 and 23.8.2013 we find that the minimum qualifications are similar to the qualifications prescribed by the NCTE. Since the posts advertised are for Science and Mathematics Subjects, as such it has been specifically stated that the Graduation should be in the Science stream i.e. B.Sc. Degree. Further in the Notification dated 23.8.2013 it has only been clarified that it should be a Graduation Degree in which Science / Mathematics was one of the subjects. Further by the said notification it has also been
clarified that Graduates in B.Sc. (Agriculture), B.Sc. (Home Science), B.A.M.S., B.H.M.S. and B.U.M.S. have also been made eligible to apply only for Science stream whereas
students who have Graduated with the B.Tech. Degree have been made eligible to apply both for Science & Mathematics stream. It further
clarifies that the candidates with B.C.A. Degree who have studied Science at Intermediate level are eligible to apply for Science and Mathematics both. There does not appear to be any difference or discrimination or in any manner reducing the minimum qualifications prescribed by the NCTE. The
NCTE notifications only provide the minimum qualifications to be possessed by the candidate for being eligible to apply for the post of Assistant Teacher. The State Government in its notification / advertisement has nowhere relaxed the minimum qualifications laid down by the NCTE and as such it cannot be said that the Government Orders are not strictly in accordance to the minimum qualifications laid down by the NCTE.The next argument is to the effect that the NCTE guidelines / notifications did not provide for selection of Assistant Teachers (Science) and Assistant Teachers (Mathematics) separately as such the qualifications laid down by the State Government for the post of Assistant Teachers are contrary to the guidelines of the NCTE. This argument is also misconceived. If the State Government has decided as a policy to make selections subject-wise, it has to prescribe the minimum qualifications accordingly.
The NCTE in its subsequent Notification dated 29.7.2011 has already substituted the words B.A. / B.Sc. by the word Graduation. This was done apparently not only to generalise and
leave it open for the respective Governments to provide the minimum qualifications depending upon the subject for which selection was being made but also to cover the other Graduation Degrees like B.Tech., B.C.A., B.Sc. (Agriculture), B.Sc. (Home Science), B.A.M.S., B.H.M.S. and B.U.M.S. as being eligible. The
NCTE guidelines did not provide that the minimum qualifications for Science Teachers or Mathematics Teachers would be same or that their selections were to be made by a common examination. Apart from general aptitude test, the language test and the knowledge of the candidate is also to be tested for the subject for which he / she has applied and therefore no fault can be found in the Government Orders being not in accordance to the NCTE notifications / guidelines.
The next arguments raised is that the NCTE guidelines for holding the TET Examination as contained in its Notification dated 11.2.2011 provided that for the Mathematics and Science Teachers there would be 60 multiple choice questions in Mathematics and Science but the State Government while holding the TET Examination gave 30 questions of Mathematics and 30 questions of Science and therefore it was contrary to the guidelines of the NCTE.
This argument is totally misconceived inasmuch as the NCTE in its notifications has clearly stated that the test items shall be evenly distributed over different divisions of the syllabus of that subject. This clearly means that there should be even distribution not only of the subjects but also the entire syllabus. The State Government did not in any manner either violate or depart from the guidelines laid down by the NCTE.
The next argument is to the effect that the State Government could not have earmarked the posts for Assistant Teachers (Science) and Assistant Teachers (Mathematics) separately as there was no such contemplation in the notifications issued by the NCTE.
The NCTE is the body which lays down the minimum qualifications and the standard to be maintained with regard to selection and appointment of the Assistant Teachers. The NCTE does not provide whether or not to earmark the posts subject-wise. If the State in its wisdom has decided to make the selections of Assistant Teachers (Science) and Assistant Teacher (Mathematics) separately, apparently there can be no illegality or discrimination or any violence to the guidelines laid down by the NCTE.
The last argument advanced by learned counsel for the petitioners to the effect that
candidates who have studied Science and Mathematics at Graduation level are at advantage as they can apply both for the Science as well the Mathematics streams cannot be said to be discriminatory in any manner. The choice of subjects taken by a particular candidate at Graduation level can give rise to different benefits in pursuing future courses or their career. The petitioners cannot have a grievance if a candidate has studied both Science and Mathematics at Graduation level.
Mathematics is a subject which can be studied at Graduation level by students pursuing Bachelor of Art Courses as also Bachelor of Science Courses. Since the applications have been invited for selection and appointment of the Assistant Teachers in Science stream as also in Mathematics stream, candidates who have studied both the subjects at Graduation level have rightly been held to be eligible to apply against both the streams. Likewise a candidate who had studied Mathematics along with subjects of Arts steam can only apply against the post of Assistant Teacher (Mathematics) and similarly a candidate who had studied only Science at the Graduation level without Mathematics as a subject, has rightly been held to be eligible only for Science stream. The argument is thus also devoid of merits.No other point was argued.
For all the reasons recorded above, petition fails and is dismissed.Order Date :- 11.10.2013
pk
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