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Know - RIGHT TO EDUCATION (RTE)

Source : http://mhrd.gov.in/rte ,
http://www.ncte-india.org/RTE-TET-guidelines[1]%20(latest).pdf

Right to Education

The Constitution (Eighty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2002 inserted Article 21-A in the Constitution of India to provide free and compulsory education of all children in the age group of six to fourteen years as a Fundamental Right in such a manner as the State may, by law, determine. The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009, which represents the consequential legislation envisaged under Article 21-A, means that every child has a right to full time elementary education of satisfactory and equitable quality in a formal school which satisfies certain essential norms and standards.

Article 21-A and the RTE Act came into effect on 1 April 2010. The title of the RTE Act incorporates the words ‘free and compulsory’. ‘Free education’ means that no child, other than a child who has been admitted by his or her parents to a school which is not supported by the appropriate Government, shall be liable to pay any kind of fee or charges or expenses which may prevent him or her from pursuing and completing elementary education. ‘Compulsory education’ casts an obligation on the appropriate Government and local authorities to provide and ensure admission, attendance and completion of elementary education by all children in the 6-14 age group. With this, India has moved forward to a rights based framework that casts a legal obligation on the Central and State Governments to implement this fundamental child right as enshrined in the Article 21A of the Constitution, in accordance with the provisions of the RTE Act.

The RTE Act provides for the:

(i) Right of children to free and compulsory education till completion of elementary education in a neighbourhood school.

(ii) It clarifies that ‘compulsory education’ means obligation of the appropriate government to provide free elementary education and ensure compulsory admission, attendance and completion of elementary education to every child in the six to fourteen age group. ‘Free’ means that no child shall be liable to pay any kind of fee or charges or expenses which may prevent him or her from pursuing and completing elementary education.

(iii) It makes provisions for a non-admitted child to be admitted to an age appropriate class.

(iv) It specifies the duties and responsibilities of appropriate Governments, local authority and parents in providing free and compulsory education, and sharing of financial and other responsibilities between the Central and State Governments.

(v) It lays down the norms and standards relating inter alia to Pupil Teacher Ratios (PTRs), buildings and infrastructure, school-working days, teacher-working hours.

(vi) It provides for rational deployment of teachers by ensuring that the specified pupil teacher ratio is maintained for each school, rather than just as an average for the State or District or Block, thus ensuring that there is no urban-rural imbalance in teacher postings. It also provides for prohibition of deployment of teachers for non-educational work, other than decennial census, elections to local authority, state legislatures and parliament, and disaster relief.

(vii) It provides for appointment of appropriately trained teachers, i.e. teachers with the requisite entry and academic qualifications.

(viii) It prohibits (a) physical punishment and mental harassment; (b) screening procedures for admission of children; (c) capitation fee; (d) private tuition by teachers and (e) running of schools without recognition,

(ix) It provides for development of curriculum in consonance with the values enshrined in the Constitution, and which would ensure the all-round development of the child, building on the child’s knowledge, potentiality and talent and making the child free of fear, trauma and anxiety through a system of child friendly and child centred learning.
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To implement RTE Act, Central Govt. nominates NCTE to provide frame work of Teachers's Quality etc.,
See Guidelines - http://www.ncte-india.org/RTE-TET-guidelines[1]%20(latest).pdf
Important Points about Teacher's Eligibility Test (TET/CTET) Examination -

Qualifying marks :-
9 A person who scores 60% or more in the TET exam will be considered as TET pass. School managements (Government, local bodies, government aided and unaided)
(a) may consider giving concessions to persons belonging to SC/ST, OBC, differently abled persons, etc., in accordance with their extant reservation policy;
(b) should give weightage to the TET scores in the recruitment process; however, qualifying the TET would not confer a right on any person for recruitment/employment as it is only one of the eligibility criteria for
appointment.

Frequency of conduct of TET and validity period of TET certificate : -
11 The appropriate Government should conduct a TET at least once every year. The Validity Period of TET qualifying certificate for appointment will be decided by the appropriate Government subject to a maximum of seven years for all categories. But there will be no restriction on the number of attempts a person can take for acquiring a TET Certificate.
A person who has qualified TET may also appear again for improving his/her score.

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About NCTE :

राष्ट्रीय अध्यापक शिक्षा परिषद, नई दिल्ली मे स्वागत

राष्ट्रीय अध्यापक शिक्षा परिषद की 1973 के पूर्व भूमिका अध्यापक शिक्षा से संबंधित सभी विषयो पर केंद्रीय और राज्य सरकारो के लिए एक सलाहकार निकाय के रूप मे थी । परिषद का सचिवालय राष्ट्रीय शेक्षिक अनुशंधान तथा प्रशिक्षण परिषद, (एनसीईआरटी) के अध्यापक शिक्षा विभाग मे स्थित था । शेक्षणिक झेत्र मे अपने प्रशंसनीय कार्य के बाबजूद परिषद, अध्यापक शिक्षा मे मानको को बनाये रखने तथा घटिया अध्यापक शिक्षा संस्थानों की बरोतरी को रोकने के अपने अनिवार्ये विनियामक कार्य नहीं कर सकी थी । राष्ट्रीय शिक्षा नीति (एन॰पी॰ई) 1986 और उसके अधीन कार्य योजना मे अध्यापक शिक्षा प्रणाली को सर्वथा दुरुस्त करने के लिए पहले उपाय के रूप मे संविधिक दर्जे और अपेक्षित संसाधनों से युक्त राष्ट्रीय अध्यापक शिक्षा प्ररिषद की कल्पना की गई थी, एक साविधिक निकाय के रूप मे राष्ट्रीय अध्यापक शिक्षा प्ररिषद अधिनियम 1993 के अधीन (1993 का 73 वा) राष्ट्रीय अध्यापक शिक्षा प्ररिषद 17 अगस्त, 1995 से अस्तितव मे आई थी राष्ट्रीय अध्यापक शिक्षा प्ररिषद का मूल उद्देश्ये समूचे देश के भीतर अध्यापक शिक्षा प्रणाली का नियोजित और समन्वित विकास करना, अध्यापक शिक्षा प्रणाली मे मानदंडों और मानको का विनियमन तथा उन्हे समुचित रूप से बनाये रखना और तत्संबंधी विषय है ।

Source : http://www.ncte-india.org/